The development of biocomputers has been made possible by the expanding new science of nanobiotechnology. The term nanobiotechnology is characterized in varied courses; in an exceedingly additional broad sense, nanobiotechnology is characterized as associate innovation that utilizations each Nano-scale material (i.e. materials having trademark measurements of 1-100 nanometers) and biologically based mostly materials.
Biocomputing focuses on developing novel computational models beyond the Turing machine, such as DNA computing and membrane computing. It aims at creating a super machine in cells without any silicon.
Computers use registers to flip the binary between 1 and 0. In microorganisms the same “Registers” and flip-flop occurs but at the DNA level. For example, imagine Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine are the registers that are involved in protein synthesis.
Biocomputers use biologically derived materials to perform computational functions. A biocomputer consists of a pathway or series of metabolic pathways involving biological materials that are engineered to behave in a certain manner based upon the conditions (input) of the system.
The resulting pathway of reactions that takes place constitutes an output, which is based on the engineering design of the biocomputer and can be interpreted as a form of computational analysis.
The computational capabilities of these systems are governed by a tradeoff principle that links programmability, computational efficiency and evolutionary plasticity in a complementary fashion.
Three distinguishable types of biocomputers include biochemical computers, biomechanical computers, and bioelectronic computers.
Biocomputers
